Meta-analysis enables prediction of the maximum permissible arsenic concentration in Asian paddy soil

Mandal, J, Sengupta, S, Sarkar, S, Mukherjee, A, Wood, M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-2387, Hutchinson, SM ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-1062 and Mondal, D ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5144-626X 2021, 'Meta-analysis enables prediction of the maximum permissible arsenic concentration in Asian paddy soil' , Frontiers in Environmental Science . (In Press)

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Abstract

It is now well-established that not just drinking water, but irrigation water contaminated with arsenic (As) is an important source of human As exposure through water-soil-rice transfer. While drinking water As has a permissible, or guideline value, quantification of guideline values for soil and irrigation water is limited. Using published data from twenty-six field studies (not pot-based experiments) from Asia, each of which reported irrigation water, soil and rice grain arsenic concentrations from the same site, this meta-analysis quantitatively evaluated the relationship between soil and irrigation water As concentrations and the As concentration in the rice grain. A generalized linear regression model revealed As in soil to be a stronger predictor of As in rice than As in irrigation water (beta of 16.72 and 0.6 respectively, 24 p<0.01). Based on the better performing decision tree model, using soil and irrigation water As as independent variables we determined that Asian paddy soil As concentrations greater than 14 mg kg-1 may result in rice grains exceeding the Codex recommended maximum allowable inorganic As (i-As) concentrations of 0.2 mg kg-1 for polished rice and 0.35 mg kg-1 for husked rice. Both logistic regression and decision tree models, identified soil As as the main determining factor and irrigation water to be a non-significant factor, preventing determination of any guideline value for irrigation water. The seemingly non-significant contribution of irrigation water in predicting grain i-As concentrations below or above the Codex recommendation may be due to the complexity in the relationship between irrigation water As and rice grains. Despite modeling limitations and heterogeneity in meta-data, our findings can inform the maximum permissible As concentrations in Asian paddy soil.

Item Type:	Article
Schools:	Schools > School of Environment and Life Sciences > Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre
Journal or Publication Title:	Frontiers in Environmental Science
Publisher:	Frontiers
ISSN:	2296-665X
Depositing User:	USIR Admin
Date Deposited:	18 Nov 2021 11:00
Last Modified:	18 Nov 2021 13:16
URI:	http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/62373

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