Transmission of Echinococcus species in pastoral communities in southern Kyrgyzstan

Rogan, MT ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-8570, van Kesteren, FH ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3034-9022, Mastin, A ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-3378, Craig, PS, Torgerson, PR, Mytova, B, Zaidenov, I, Giradoux, P and Raoul, F 2015, Transmission of Echinococcus species in pastoral communities in southern Kyrgyzstan , in: 80. 25th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP), 16-20 August 2015, Liverpool, UK. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Echinococcus granulosus and human cystic echinococcosis (CE) are highly endemic in Central Asia and western China. Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an emergent public health problem in Kyrgyzstan and in the Region. Community, veterinary and ecological investigations were undertaken in 2012-13 in the Alay Valley, south Kyrgyzstan. Mass ultrasound screening of the local population detected hepatic lesions confirmed to be AE (7% prevalence); no human CE cases were identified. Voluntary arecoline purgation of 20 owned dogs revealed 8 (40%) infected with Echinococcus spp.; PCR analysis of worms revealed presence of E.granulosus (G1), E. canadensis (G6) and E.multilocularis. An Echinococcus spp coproantigen ELISA-based survey of owned dogs (n= 333) in 10 villages gave a copro-prevalence of 26.4% (range 21.4% to25.7 %). PCR testing confirmed presence of all 3 species in owned dogs. The study found that sheepdogs had lower odds of coproantigen positivity, as did households with donkeys; some knowledge of echinococcosis; and no involvement in home slaughtering. There was no evidence of an association between free roaming or previous praziquantel dosing and coproantigen positivity, as has been found in previous studies. Environmental sampling of canid faeces indicated high contamination levels in villages with some faecal samples positive for DNA from E.canadensis or E.multilocularis. A small mammal survey indicated high densities of Zaisan mole voles (Ellobius tancrei) in and around villages; E.multilocularis lesions were confirmed in E.tancrei. A quarterly dog dosing intervention programme (using praziquantel) appeared to significantly reduce village copro-prevalence levels in owned dogs within 3 years. Human AE is a highly pathogenic emergent zoonosis in the Alay Valley which requires early intervention to reduce a future potential public health problem.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Schools:	Schools > School of Environment and Life Sciences > Biomedical Research Centre Schools > School of Environment and Life Sciences > Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre
Funders:	Wellcome Trust
Depositing User:	MT Rogan
Date Deposited:	22 Mar 2016 15:05
Last Modified:	27 Aug 2021 23:26
URI:	https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/38235

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